Pneumatic spring.



I. J. STADELMANN. PNEUMATIG SPRING. 'APPLIGATION FILED APR. s, 19113.

Patented Deo. 20, 19m

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witnesses.

eventi.

Cri'

l arranged oppositev to each other.

upper side of the cross heads near the axle,

tical section on the line v2--2 of Fig. 1.

tutes a feature of the invention.

GNA'rIUs J. STADELMANN, or Los ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

PNEUMATIC SPRING. j

Specification of'Letters Patent. Patented DEG. 20, 1910.l Application led April 6, 1910; Serial Ilo. 553,694. I

TOYIJZ whom it may comme:

Be it known that l, lGNA'riUs J. STADEL- Maxine citizen of Switzerland, residing at Los Angelesin the county ot' Los Angeles and State oi California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Springs, of which the following is a specitication.

This springs, such as are used for supporting vehicle bodies on their axles. A

The object of theinvent-ion is to produce a device of' this class which is simple in conl struction, and which will give the necessary resiliency' without the use of metal springs. A further object of the invention'igs to construct the device so that it will have great resiliency in a liront and rear direction in a horizontal plane as well asin a vertical plane. Y

ln the annexed drawings forming `a part or" the-specification, Figure 1 is va side elevation showing a portion ot the vehicle frame to which the device is applied, the axle being shown in cross section. Fig. 2 is a ver- Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken onthe line 3 3 ot Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a plan showinga modified form of a coil seat, which consti- Fig. 5 is a cross section taken on the line 54-5 of Fig. 4t. Fig. 6 is a vertical section taken at the side ot' one of the dash-pot cylinders, and showing the means for pivotally mounting the cylinders and the means for packing the pivot or trunnion to exclude the dust.

Referring more-particularly to the parts, 7 represents the 'frame of the vehicle, to the under side of which a' hanger 8 is attached. This hanger has a horizontal middle extension 9, and upwardly disposed end extensions 10, which are secured to the under side of the frame hyuitable fastening devices 11. ln the space between Athe frame 7, and the hanger 8, the axle 12 is located. To the ppper side of the axle l attach a cross head 3, which lcross head is oil-set upwardly at ithe axle to form a socket 14A ot angular form 'corresponding to the form ot the axle and This cross,

receiving the axle as indicated. head is held rigidly to the axle by means of a clip 15. attached at the socket 111, as shown.

As indicated in Fig. 2, two cross heads are On the trunnion boxes 16 are attached, and between invention relates vto )pneumatic 'these boxes vertical dash-pots 17 are mounted. These dash-pots have trunnions 18 near their middle' points, which project' outwardly on a horizontal axis, and these trun- 'nions are supported in the boxes 16 as shown most clearly in Fig. 2.

Piston rods 19 'extend downwardly from the dash-pot cylinders to the lower heads 20 thereof, and to these piston' rods, piston heads 21 are attached within the cylinders. Beyond the piston heads 21, tail rods 22 are provided, which extend upwardly through' the upper heads 23 of the cylinders, and these tail rods operate as guides for the coil or hose Q4 is arranged in a helix, and this coil extends from the piston to the lower head 20. The lower end of the'coil is attached to a coil seat 25, of the form shown in' Fig. 3. shaped, and has an enlarged butt end to rlhis coil seat is `arc-- 7o pistons. Below each piston 21, a pneumatic which the coil is attached by a suitable coupling 26. At this pointthe coil seatis formed with a chamber 27 which communicates with the interior of the .coil when attached. A similar coil seat 28 is arranged at the upper end of the cylinder, and the coil 29 is attached to this coil seat 28, which is disposed in the upper partof the cylinder as shown in Fig. 2. The ends of the coils 2li and .29 are closed adjacent to the piston head 21., l

The coil' seats are connected bya luy-pass pipe 30, which extends longitudinally of the cylinder, and connects at its ends with nipples 31, which are screwed into the butt end of the coil seat so as to communicate with the chamber 27 as shown in Fig. 3.

An inating nipple 32 is provided, which communicates with the chamber 27 at the lower coil fseat, and this nipple enables the coils to be vinated with air, as will be read'- ily understood. The lower ends of the piston rods 19 are formed into wrist pins 33, to which clips 34 are pivotally attached.

The lower ends of these clips are connected lcross heads 1 3 are osetaupwardly, and provided with boxes 37 which receive trunnions 38 fo'rmed onhorizontal dash-pots39- These dashp'ots 39 are arranged and constructed on the interior like the dash-pot shown in Fig. 2f Eachdash-pot is provided with a the pistons than in the upward piston rod 40, which extends from its inner end, and is pivotally connected at L t1 with the upper end of the daslrpots 17. The ends of each cylinder are connected by a by-pass pipe 42, similar to the pipes 30.

As indicated in Figs. 1 and 3, the lower heads 2O of the dash-pots 17 are split diametrically into two sections 20L and 20k, and these sections are provided with lugs 42a by means of which they are attached together as shown. In order to pack the trunnions of the daslrpots the sides of the cylinders are provided with` grooves 43, which form seats for pneumatic packing rings 4l, the outer sides of the packing rings being pressed against the inner faces of the boxes of the dash-pots. These rings operate as dust rings to prevent the dust from working into the trunnions. i

In Figs. l and 5 I have illustrated an annular coil seat having a groove 4G. These seats may7 be used in pairs, the fiat faces contacting with the faces of the piston 2l, the grooves /l-G forming seats for the inner closed ends of the coils Q4 and :29. This construction serves to hold the inner ends of vthe aforesaid coils securely in place and prevents any lateral movement thereof during an op` eration of the device.

As indicated in Fig. 2, in the vertical dash-pots 17, the piston heads 21 are disposed normally slightly above the middle line of the cylinders, and this arrangement is adopted because a greater resiliency is necessary in the downward movement of movement. The greater resiliency referred to arises from the greater number of below the piston heads.

Then in use, frame 7 should tend te move downwardly the piston heads 21 compress the coils 24 beneath them and force theair into the upper coils through the by-pass 30. 'An' upward movement of the piston headsl 21 will l be resisted by the upper coil, and the air in the upper coil would be forced down into the lower coils. On account ofthe manner coils disposed if the body supported on the matic dash-pots pivotally sisted by the coils in the dash-pots y39. Inv

this way a very resilient suspension for the frame is effected. i

lVhat I claim, is:

1. In combination, a Irame, an axle, a vertically disposed pneumatic dash-pot connected between said frame and said axle and adapted to absorb shocks in a. vertical plane, a pneumatic dash-pot arranged in a horizontal plane, dash pot and adapted to absorb shocks in a horizontal plane, all of said' dash potsbeing pivotally mounted.

2. Ineombinatiom a frame,

an axle, cross heads attached to said axle,

a pair of pneumounted on said cross heads, piston heads moving in said dash-pots and having pistons connecting with said frame, other dash-pots disposed with their axes in a horizontal plane, and having pistons connecting with said first dash-pots and tending to ing movement thereof.

3. In combination, a frame, an axle, a cross head carried by said axle, a pair of pneumatic dash-pots pivotally supported on said cross head, a link connecting said dashpots, said dash-pots having piston rods extending therefrom connecting with said frame, a second pair of dash-pots arranged respectively at opposite sides of said first dash-pot, mounted to swing on a horizontal axis, connected with said last named dash-- pots, and having piston`rods connecting with said first dashpots.

4In witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my name this 29th y day of March, 1910.

IGNATIUS J. STADELMANN. Witnesses:

F. D. AMMEN, EDMUND A. STRAUSE.

prevent the swing-` connected with said first 

